Common types of breaker hammers are as follows according to different classification methods:
- Classification by power source
- Hydraulic breaker hammer: This is the most common type, which uses the pressurized oil provided by hydraulic equipment such as excavators or loaders as the power source. It has the advantages of large striking force, high frequency, and flexible operation, and is widely used in fields such as mine exploitation, building demolition, and road construction.
- Pneumatic breaker hammer: It takes compressed air as the power source, and uses the high-pressure air provided by the air compressor to drive the piston movement, generating an impact force for breaking operations. Its advantages include simple structure, relatively low cost, and convenient maintenance. It is suitable for some places with high requirements for noise and dust, such as urban road maintenance and indoor demolition. However, the striking force of the pneumatic breaker hammer is relatively small, and its work efficiency is lower than that of the hydraulic breaker hammer.
- Electric breaker hammer: It is driven by an electric motor to drive the hydraulic pump, converting electrical energy into hydraulic energy, and then driving the breaker hammer to work through the hydraulic system. The electric breaker hammer has the advantages of low noise, no pollution, and simple operation, and is suitable for use in some areas with high environmental protection requirements, such as in the city center, near hospitals and schools. However, its power is relatively limited, and it is generally used for small-scale breaking operations.
- Classification by structural characteristics
- Integral breaker hammer: The integral breaker hammer has a relatively compact structure, integrating components such as the hydraulic system, piston, and drill rod within a single integral housing. This type of breaker hammer is convenient to install and disassemble, has a small external dimension, and is suitable for working environments with limited space, such as being used in conjunction with small excavators or operating in narrow roadways.
- Split-type breaker hammer: The split-type breaker hammer separates the hydraulic pump station from the main body of the breaker hammer, which are connected by high-pressure oil pipes. Its advantage is that the hydraulic pump station can be placed away from the work site as needed, reducing the impact of noise and vibration on the operators. At the same time, it is also convenient for the maintenance and upkeep of the hydraulic system. The split-type breaker hammer is generally used for large-scale breaking operations, such as mine exploitation and large-scale building demolition, and can provide greater striking force and more stable working performance.
- Classification by drill rod diameter
- Small breaker hammer: The drill rod diameter is usually between 70 - 90mm, and it is suitable for small excavators (generally referring to those with a tonnage of 1 - 5 tons). It is mainly used for some small-scale building demolitions, road surface breaking, pipeline laying and other operations. It has the characteristics of small size, light weight, and flexible operation, but the striking force is relatively small.
- Medium-sized breaker hammer: The drill rod diameter is generally between 100 - 140mm, and it is matched with excavators of 5 - 15 tons. The medium-sized breaker hammer has a wide range of applications and can be used for general building demolition, rock breaking, road repair and other work. Its striking force and work efficiency are moderate, and it can meet the needs of most conventional breaking operations.
- Large breaker hammer: The drill rod diameter is greater than 140mm, and it is usually used in conjunction with large excavators with a tonnage of more than 15 tons. The large breaker hammer has a powerful striking force and can break hard rocks and large concrete structures. It is mainly applied in fields such as mine exploitation and large-scale infrastructure construction, but the equipment cost and operation cost are relatively high.